Upconverting Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review of Toxicity

Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) present a distinctive capacity to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This phenomenon has inspired extensive research in numerous fields, including biomedical imaging, treatment, and optoelectronics. However, the possible toxicity of UCNPs raises considerable concerns that demand th

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Carbon Dot Nanomaterials: An Extensive Review

Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a promising class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These exceptionally fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that arise from their inherent structure and surface chemistry. The tunable size, shape, and compo

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Conceptualizing Product Innovation in Business

Product innovation plays a vital aspect of any thriving business. It involves the creation of novel products or solutions that address evolving customer needs and market expectations. This process can range from minor product improvements to disruptive breakthroughs. Ultimately, successful product innovation drives growth, establishes market positi

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